Design
Reflux condensers are comprised of lengths of tubing equipped with cooling jackets which attach to the top of a vessel. Condensation vapors flow through the condenser and are sent to the vessel. Gases not condensed are released via a needle valve positioned at the head of the reflux condenser.
Purpose
Reflux condensers are used in laboratory and industrial distillations, and are also used to provide energy in chemical reactions over a long time period. Reflux condensers are also contained in air-cooler steam condensers and vent condensers.
Limitation
Vapor velocity occurring at the reflux condenser’s entry point, or inlet, can impair the downflow of condensation from the condenser. This can result in flooding, which can in turn result in unstable condensing.