Preparation and Application of Wood Stain
Step 1
Clean the fence with a quality wood cleaner. This will remove any dust and grime from the fence. In addition, the wood cleaning process will break "mill glaze." Mill glaze is a condition that flattens the pores of the wood, and can cause issues with the stain properly penetrating into the wood's surface.
Do not be alarmed if the wood turns black after cleaning! This is natural, and treatable. New redwood tends to contain a high amount of tannins. Tannins occur naturally in the redwood tree, and help to protect the living tree in the event of fire or other damage, by bleeding to the surface. Tannins can continue to bleed to the surface of the wood even after it has been milled. The wood cleaning process can bring tannins to the surface and cause the wood to turn very dark, even jet black.
Step 2
Brighten the wood. If the wood has darkened during the cleaning process, use wood brightener. A good quality wood brightening product will neutralize tannins and restore the wood's natural beauty. If the wood has not darkened during the cleaning process, there is no need to use wood brightener.
Step 3
Allow the fence to dry thoroughly prior to staining. 24 hours is generally recommended.
Step 4
Apply the wood stain. Stain can be applied using a brush, roller or sprayer. If you are applying with a brush or a roller, make sure to maintain a wet edge. If you allow the stain to dry and then go over it, you may notice lap lines. Cover each individual board completely before moving onto the next.
Step 5
Back brush. The stain should penetrate within 15 to 30 minutes. After that, any stain remaining on the surface of the wood will probably not soak in, and could result in a tacky, sticky finish that will attract dirt and mildew. Use a dry brush to remove any excess stain that is not penetrating completely into the surface of the fence wood.